hesse



F. C. HESSE.

Hot-Air Furnace.

No. 66,083. Patented June 25, 1867.

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4TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

vBe it known-that I, F. C. HESSE, of Cincinnati, Hamilton county, and State of Ohio, have invented a new andV useful Improvement in,Hot-Air Furnaces, of which the followings a full and clear description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification.

My improvement in furnaces relates to the construction of the fire-place, which is cha'mbered in its lower section, the inner shell being perforated at the' top for the admission of air from an annular chamber on the under side of the bed-plate,l the annular. chamber being provided with dampers for regulating the inux of air; also to a series of warm-air tubes, conical in form, and extending from a diaphragm which connects the upper edge of the fire-place with the inner casing of the middle air-chamber and a concave diaphragm near the top of the furnace; and'te a hot-air reservoir, suspended immediately over the tire-place, and beneath the concave diaphragm. v

Figure lvims a vertical section of the furnace' taken through the centre, and exhibits the improvements herein referred to.

Figure 2is a plan of thc furnace, thc top plate being removcd. Y

Figure 3 is atransversc section of the same taken in the planiei'onf'ln-e 1 1 in g. 1 through the smoke discharge pipe, the warm-air. lues, and hot-air reservoir.

Figure 4 is a transverse section taken throug'h the fire-place, directly above the perforations in the inner shell, inthe pla'ne of line 2 2 in iig. 1.

Figure 5 is a plan of the bottom or base-plate of the furnace, showing the dempers and annular chamber through which passes air to the perforation in the inner shell of the hre-place.

A is the base-plate, from near the circumference of which rise the outer and inner walls B B of the deadair chamber. The top plate C encloses thefurnace above. Tivo warm-air pipes D, connected with the top plate C, are provided to carry off the warm air. Au air-chamber, E, is euclosedby Vthe inner wall B of the dead-air chamber, and the casing F. Perforations a, in the base-plate A, give access of air to the chamber E. The lower end ofthe casing l*1 has a series of perforations, a', as has also the incline plate b, secured to the casing F' above the perforations a', and flaring downward till it is in` contact with the hase of the inner wall ot' the deadair chamber. In the base-plate A is another series f perforations, c, located between the easing F and the fire-pot G. A fire-back, H, arranged in sections within the re-pot, and having an altitude of one-half, more or less, of the fire-pot, is perforated in its upper curved faceat d, which admits air into the'tireplace above the.v

ignited fuel. The air has access to the chamber formed by the fire-pot G and. fire-back H, through perforations e ,in the base-plate A, and from the annular supply-chamber I, which is secured to the under side of the baseplate A, and is provided with two dampers,ff, diametrically opposite each other, as exhibited in g. 5. tA diaphragm, Kycovers the space between the upper edge of thc fire-pot Gand th'e casing F. Warm-air tubes L extend from the diaphragm Kto the concave diaphragmK, near the top of the furnace. This upper diaphragm is secured to the upper edge of the casing F, and is surmonnted with the evaporating-pan M, in two compartments, the inner one of which contains the bulk of water to impart, by its evaporation, humidity to the atmosphere in the rooms to which-it is admitted. "The hot-air reservoir`N is 'suspended directly over the fire-pot G. Its lower end is closed by a thick metallic plate, g, which presents a convex surface downward. Above the plate g the walls of the reservoir flareupwa'rd, terminating a little below the upper diaphragm K. It is covered with the perforated cap L, through which the Ahet air and smoke pass in their exit. In the sido ofthe reservoir N, near the top, is the opening into the inner smoke pipe O, having a horizontal direction, and terminating in the upper end of the vertical smoke stack I. The smoke has final exit into the outer smoke` pipe Q, through an aperture in the lower end of the smohe stack I. Opposite this aperture or entrance to the outer smoke stack or pipe Q, is an opening, P', which is closed when desirable by operating the damper P. The grate-bars R are hollow, and are perforated on the sides for the admission of air within them. I

When the re is started in the furnace the damper P" is moved infrom over the opening in the lower end of thesmoke stack P, at the same time the dempers fj" are closed, inorder that a more rapid combustion of the fuel may be secured by giving a direct and rapid draught through-the fire-place and out the shortest way i through the smoke pipc'Q. Should the tire burn toene side in the tire-place, but one ofthe dampersjf should be opened, otherwise too large :t body of air will headmitted through the peiforations e in the bose-plete A and the perforations d in the curved face of the tire-back H into the space above the dead coals, whereas it should only be admitted when the intensely heated and inliainmable gases are passing rapidly upward, nnd,'by their ainity for the intlowing oxygen oi' the atmosphere, induce, by their combustion, a large amount of heat. The damper P is now Closed, and the hot airi'rom-the ire-placeheuts the series of warm-air pipes or tubes L, and also the casing F, rurefying the air in them, which aseonds und passes out ot' the warm-air pipes D, as indicated by the blue arrows. The hot nir from the fire-place ascends between the warm-air tubes und the hot-nir reservoir N, over the top of which it posses through thc perforated cup L, thence down the smoke pipe P, and out throughthe pipe Q. The reservoir N not only radiates a large amount of heat in the direction of the warm-air tubes, thereby increasing measurably their temperature, but intensely heats the air' contained within it, causing ascending currents from its curved bottom, which tend tocheck the draught and consequent*rapfidvescape ofl heat -out through the smoke pipes.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The annular supply-chamber I, provided with the dempers ff', when secured to the bed-plate A, 'or its Y equivalent, having the perforations e, substantially es and for the purpose specified.

2. The casing F, having perforations a', the inclino perforated plate Z attached thereto, and the diaphragm K', all in combination with the base-plate A, with perforotions a, the inner wall B of the dead-air eheniber, and the top plete C, substantially as described.

8. The buse-plate A, wallsB B', and top plate C, in combination with the fire-pot G, perforated fire-back H, diaphrngrns K K', wurm-air tubes L, casing F, hot-air reservoir N, smoke pipes O and Q, smoke'stack P, and damper P, constructed und arranged substantially :is and for the purpose specified.`

4. The hot-air rcservoirN, smoke pipe O, smoke steek P, haring an opening, P, near its bottoni,- and the damper P, for closing the same, in combination with the smoke pipe Q, substantially es described.l I

F. c. HnssE.

Witnesses.:

C. L. FISHER, S. R. RUSSELL. 

